Oligarchic Cartelization In Post-Suharto Indonesia
SKU: 1064417696

Oligarchic Cartelization In Post-Suharto Indonesia

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Oligarchic Cartelization In Post-Suharto IndonesiaAs detailed in Oligarchic Cartelization in Post Suharto Indonesia, a few ruling individuals from party organizations overpowered Indonesias post authoritarian, representative democracy. The legislative process of the 2017 Election Act was the case study employed to examine this assumption. The underlying thinking was that there was a contest between wealth power (oligarchy) and participation power (democracy). The power of wealth controls the party

As detailed in Oligarchic Cartelization in Post-Suharto Indonesia, a few ruling individuals from party organizations overpowered Indonesia’s post-authoritarian, representative democracy. The legislative process of the 2017 Election Act was the case study employed to examine this assumption. The underlying thinking was that there was a contest between “wealth power” (oligarchy) and “participation power” (democracy). The power of wealth controls the party and government institutions. Notwithstanding the presence of participation power, there was, however, no balance between wealth power and participation power, because the formal control of politics was in the hands of party oligarchs. This study is purposed to bridge the gap in knowledge by exploring how the party oligarchs maintain the policymaking, reputedly using cartelized strategies, to defend the status quo. By employing the oligarchy and cartelization concepts, the central question of this inquiry focused on how the party oligarchs mastered the policy process in post-Suharto Indonesia. Qualitative findings indicated that the party oligarchs engineered the legal process in parliament applying cartelized strategies to defend privileges they obtained from collusive interpenetrations with the state. Understanding the “oligarchic cartelization” theoretical postulate is a fundamental step for party members to improve their performance in public offices. The results of this study can also be a useful reference for pro-democracy activists to defend the ontological essence of public participation in implementing representative democracy at an appropriate level. 

About the Author

Boni Hargens is a political analyst currently living in Indonesia. He is familiar in his country since he has been for years attending talk shows on television and writing columns on mainstream newspapers in his country. His concern is on the oligarchy and cartel party theories. He attended many lectures at Humboldt University in Germany for many years before completing his doctoral degree at Walden University in the United States.

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SKU: 1064417696

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Soft "cooling" case.
Yes it is very cool when you lay on it. It doesn't stay cold though. Within a minute or 2 to whatever your temp is.
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These pillow cases are great for my hair and skin. They look good, hold up well in the washer and dryer, and the price is great. They are cooling. Of course I wish they could be more cooling, but honestly I'm not sure that's even possible. Great pillow cases. Already bought more for other heads. Would buy again.
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At first touch, these are the coldest pillowcases I own … but only for seconds. Once you actually lay on them, within seconds they adjust to your body temp, the heat feels trapped, my head begins to feel hotter than before I laid down - which has in turn caused me loathe these pillow cases. I hate that I have missed the return window. Would never buy again, would never recommend. My satin ones aren’t even this hot! I gave them the good ole 30-day try. Side sleepers - if you are like me and sleep on your side with arm tucked under pillow - flipping this pillow over in hopes of a cold side - forget it, it’s already hot from your arm.
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